Decades in power can bring both stability and controversy. In Africa, a handful of leaders have spent decades in the presidential seat, leaving a mark on their nations that few can rival. These leaders have witnessed entire generations grow up under their rule, shaping politics, culture, and national identity. Whether seen as symbols of endurance or cautionary tales, their extended tenures are a defining feature of Africa’s modern political landscape. These leaders’ extended tenures often intertwine with issues of democracy, governance, and development.
Here are the six longest-serving presidents still in office today, the men who have shaped generations and outlasted rivals.
Here is a snapshot of the current 6 longest-serving presidents in Africa.
Paul Biya, Cameroon, In power since 1982 (43 year rule)
Biya, 92, is Africa’s oldest sitting president. Known for his calm and reserved style, he has governed Cameroon quietly for over four decades. He came to power on 06 November 1982. His tenure has brought continuity in a region often rocked by tension, but opponents argue it has come at the cost of democratic reform. Biya’s recent re-election shows he is not stepping down anytime soon.
Teodoro Obiang, (Equatorial Guinea)- In power since 1979 (46 year rule)
Obiang, 83, who came to power in a coup on August 3, 1979, is Africa’s longest-serving leader, with 46 years at the helm. In nearly 46 years in office, Obiang has led Equatorial Guinea since overthrowing his uncle in a dramatic coup. Supporters highlight his ability to maintain stability in a small but oil-rich nation, while critics point to corruption and limited political freedoms.
Denis Sassou, (Republic of Congo) – In power since 1979–1992 and 1997 to present
Sassou, 81, Nguesso’s leadership is almost a political saga. He was president and came to power from 1979 to 1992 (first term), and then returned to office in October 1997 (second term) after a civil conflict, remaining in charge ever since, winning multiple elections. His long tenure has alternated between periods of reconstruction and political challenge, always maintaining a firm grip on the country’s affairs.
Yoweri Museveni, (Uganda) – In power since 1986 (40 years)
In Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, 81, has led his country for 36 years since January 26, 1986. Museveni rose to power promising reform and stability. Nearly 40 years later, he remains Uganda’s central political figure. His supporters credit him with national stability and economic growth, while critics say his extended rule has weakened democratic institutions. Either way, his influence over Uganda’s trajectory is undeniable.
King Mswati III, (Kingdom of Eswatini), (39 year rule)
Mswatini III, 57, ascending to the throne on April 25, 1986, aged just 18, Africa’s last remaining absolute monarchy, has been ruled by King Mswati III for 39 years. He became the world’s youngest monarch at the time.
Isaias Afwerki, (Eritrea) – In power since 1993 – (32 year rule)
Isaias Afwerki, 79, has been Eritrea’s first and only president since its independence in May 1993, ruling with an iron grip under a single-party system without scheduled elections. His rule has continued uninterrupted for over three decades. For some, he symbolises national sovereignty, for others, he represents a government with strict control over its citizens. His government is often regarded as one of the world’s most repressive, characterized by mandatory military conscription, strict media control, and severely restricted civil liberties.
